Research · a claim, tested

Do weekend gaps fill?

Yes. About 88% of them close back to Friday's price within a day. That is the headline of the most-sold report in this category, and it is true. It is also empty: an ordinary midweek move of the same size fills just as often. Here is that second number, which nobody prints — from 11,737 weekends across 12 FX and metals markets.

88%of weekend gaps filled within 24h
88%of matched midweek moves filled — the control
11,737weekends measured
73%of gaps clear the Sunday reopen spread

The claim

Search "weekend gap" and the same page comes back in a dozen liveries: forex gaps fill 90% of the time, so fade the gap on the Sunday reopen. The number is usually right. The reasoning has a hole in it that a single control closes.

Why a fill rate on its own cannot answer the question. "Filled" means price came back to where it was. Price comes back to where it was constantly — that is most of what a market does. So the only useful version of the question is comparative: does a weekend gap fill more often than an ordinary move of the same size? Without that denominator, 88% is a fact about markets in general wearing a costume about weekends.

What we measured it against

For every weekend gap we found a size-matched midweek move: an hour whose next hour travelled 0.85–1.35× as far as that gap did. The reference is taken from the bar after the move, so the level we ask about is never contained in the move by construction. Then we asked the same question of both — did price return to the starting level within 4, 12 and 24 hours? Same markets, same years, same definition of "filled". Only the cause of the move differs.

The result: the gap is not special

HorizonWeekend gaps filledMatched midweek movesDifference
Within 4 hours75%71%+4 pts
Within 24 hours88%88%none

At a day out — the horizon the famous number quotes — there is nothing there: 88% against 88%. The one honest finding is at the short end, where gaps fill about 4 points more often than a matched move over the first four hours. That is real, it is small, and the next section is about whether you can be paid for it.

And it is not uniform. 10 of the 12 markets fill more often than their own control at four hours; 2 fill less often — EUR/USD among them, at 69.1% against 71.3%. A pooled figure is an average of markets that disagree, which is why the table below is the part worth reading.

Every market, with its own control

MarketWeekendsMedian gap Gap filled ≤4hMatched moveΔ Gap filled ≤24hMatched moveΔClears reopen spread
EUR/USD1,184 5.9 pips 69.1%71.3%-2.2 87.2%88.9%-1.7 72.8%
GBP/USD1,038 8.6 pips 71.2%69.0%+2.2 88.4%89.1%-0.7 75.2%
USD/CHF640 6.5 pips 76.9%68.9%+8.0 90.9%87.7%+3.2 69.4%
USD/JPY912 7.5 pips 72.0%69.4%+2.6 85.3%86.8%-1.5 77.4%
AUD/USD1,154 7.4 pips 68.5%69.9%-1.4 84.5%88.2%-3.7 72.5%
USD/CAD1,187 6.5 pips 72.9%70.8%+2.1 90.6%88.9%+1.7 63.6%
NZD/USD1,036 6.4 pips 75.3%69.8%+5.5 87.5%88.0%-0.5 55.3%
EUR/JPY1,046 10.9 pips 72.4%68.5%+3.9 85.1%86.3%-1.2 74.1%
GBP/JPY826 14.7 pips 74.9%70.9%+4.0 87.0%87.5%-0.5 76.9%
EUR/GBP488 4.7 pips 75.8%71.7%+4.1 90.6%88.4%+2.2 60.9%
Gold (XAU/USD)1,198 6.85 pips 81.5%78.0%+3.5 90.7%92.2%-1.5 40.9%
Silver (XAG/USD)1,028 3.7 pips 84.5%81.1%+3.4 92.5%93.3%-0.8 18.7%

Δ is the gap's fill rate minus the matched move's. Positive means the gap filled more often than an ordinary move of the same size.

The indices do the opposite, and that is the interesting part

Stock indices gap at every session boundary, not only over a weekend, so we counted them separately. They invert the folklore: an index gap fills less often than a matched ordinary move — 54% against 68% at four hours. An index that gaps tends to keep going, which is the reverse of what fade-the-gap advice tells you to do.

MarketWeekendsMedian gap Gap filled ≤4hMatched moveΔ Gap filled ≤24hMatched moveΔClears reopen spread
US30 (Dow)570 28.98 pts 51.1%67.5%-16.4 80.4%86.1%-5.7 85.4%
NAS100340 22.88 pts 56.5%66.7%-10.2 82.9%87.7%-4.8 89.1%
SPX500340 5.51 pts 54.4%69.6%-15.2 82.6%89.5%-6.9 76.8%
GER40 (DAX)524 22.02 pts 52.1%67.1%-15.0 79.0%84.8%-5.8 86.6%
UK100 (FTSE)188 7.02 pts 62.2%71.3%-9.1 89.9%89.1%+0.8 61.7%

And then there is the cost

The Sunday reopen is the widest spread of the week — we charge the weekday figure for it. Against that, only 73% of weekend gaps are even large enough to be worth trying to fade: the median FX gap is about 6.85 pips. A strategy built on the strongest version of this finding is playing for a few points, on the fraction of weekends that clear the toll, in the hour of the week when the toll is highest.

What we would actually say

The method, the null and the raw counts are in section 5 of the evidence page. The data behind it is free to download and redo.

Other reports this category sells, tested

Every claim we have tested, including the ones that held, is on the reports index.

We publish the tests that failed as loudly as the ones that held. Every number on this site carries its sample size, and every claim carries what it was measured against.

Read the whole evidence page →